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Objective:To investigate the tissue distribution of asiaticoside in SD rats .Methods:The rats were injected by asiatico-side at the effective treatment dose of 42 mg kg -1 via tail vein.The rats sacrificed respectively at 5, 30 and 80 min after the injection and heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, intestine, brain, gonad and left thigh muscle were dissected immediately .The con-tent of asiaticoside in the tissues was determined by HPLC .Results:Asiaticoside widely distributed in SD rats , and the concentration in heart was the highest followed by liver , brain, lung, spleen and kidney .The contents in the other tissues were relatively low .Con-clusion:The method is convenient , sensitive and accurate , and can be used for the content determination of asiaticoside the tissues of SD rats.
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AIM: To observe the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011 and to explore its mechanism.METHODS: Three kinds of animal models, mouse ear swelling induced by xylene, rat granuloma induced by cotton ball and rat rheumatoid arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant, were established to study the anti-inflammatory effect of CQMUH-011.The ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological changes were measured to reflect the severity of inflammation.The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of CQMUH-011 were investigated by detecting the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA.Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined by corresponding kits.RESULTS: Treatment with CQMUH-011 significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and NO concentrations, MDA contents and MPO activity in the serum.Meanwhile, Ear swelling degree, dry weight of cotton ball granuloma, arthritis index, paw swelling and ankle joint pathological damage were attenuated.CONCLUSION: CQMUH-011 has an anti-inflammatory effect, which may be related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and attenuating lipid peroxidation.
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the inhibitory effect of madecassoside on the LPS-stimulated microglia and to inves-tigate its possible mechanism.METHODS:Microglia cells of neonatal Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats were cultured, isolated and purified.Microglia cells were activated with lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) .The inhibitory effect of madecassoside on micro-glia was measured by MTT assay.Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β(IL-1β) were detected by ELISA. Cell cycle and apoptotic rate were evaluated by flow cytometry.The expression of TLR4 was detected by Western blotting. The expression of NF-κB was detected by RT-PCR.RESULTS: LPS induced the proliferation of microglia and release in-flammatory cytokines significantly.Compared with LPS group, madecassoside inhibited the proliferation of microglia induced by LPS in a dose dependent manner.The IC50 value of madecassoside was 10.97 nmol/L to microglia after incubation for 48 h.Madecassoside also decreased the levels of TNF-αand IL-6, increased the ratios of microglia at the G2 phase and the ap-optotic rate, decreased the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB significantly (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Madecassoside has in-hibitory effects on the proliferation of LPS-stimulated microglia, by which the mechanism may be related to inhibition of the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB, change of cell cycle distribution and induction of microglia apoptosis.
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Praseodymium hexacyanoferrate film was modified on the graphite electrode by cyclic voltammetry in the solution of PrCl_3 and K_3Fe(CN)_6. Its electrochemical properties, including the influence of different scan rates, ions, and K~+ concentrations on the film, were studied. The membrane was characterized by IR and XPS. In IR spectrum, the vibration of cyano group verified from the formation of the film on the electrode. In XPS spectrum, the splitting of Fe2p_(1/2) )and Fe2p_(3/2)) showed that the valence of iron has been changed in the film formation, and a proper electropolymerization mechanism was put forward. The results showed the PrHCF film have some electrocatalytic activity to the oxidation of cysteine. The detection conditions for cysteine such as the potential and pH were also discussed.
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To improving the teaching quality of the pharmacology theory teaching,we adopt questionnaire to understand the students’ request of teaching method and teaching content,thus to elevate the teaching overall level by raising their ability to teach and study.
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Objective To investigate tissue distribution of Hylotelephin in Beagle dogs and excretion of Hylotelephin in rats. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection was developed to study the concentrations of Hylotelephin in biological samples, taking anthracene as an internal standard, Benzoyl chloride as the pre-column derivatization of Hylotelephin and methanol-water as the mobile phase. Results After a single intravenous dose of 10.6 mg/kg Hylotelephin in beagle dogs, parent drug was widely distributed to virtually all tissues in 5 min and the concentration of Hylotelephin in most tissues at 90 min were lower than those at 5 min obviously. Hylotelephin was mainly distributed in kidney, liver and spleen, secondly in heart, lung and intestine. The parent drug concentration in kidney, liver and spleen was similar to that in blood at the same time point. After a single intravenous dose of 36 mg/kg Hylotelephin in rats, the excretion of the parent drug in urine, feces and bile amounted to 88.45%, 0.61% and 1.08% of the dose, respectively. The parent drug excretion amounted to 67% of the dose in 3 h. Conclusion Hylotelephin was distributed and eliminated in Beagle dogs rapidly. It was mostly distributed in kidney, liver, spleen and plasma. The parent drug excretion was 88% via urine.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic potential of madecassoside in mice expressing a mutant human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD1)-G93A linked to human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Methods Effects of madecassoside on onset of clinical disease,survival of mice,decline of motor function,and motor neuron(MN) degeneration were observed by behavioral analysis and histological eva-(luation.) Results Madecassoside(61.1?11.0) and(185.6?18.7) mg/(kg?d) ig administration,beginning at 70 d of age until death,prolonged survival of SOD1-G93A ALS mice by 11.4 and 9.4 d,respectively(P